What is melanoma?
Melanoma is a malignant skin tumor that originates from melanocytes in the skin. In recent years, with the improvement of health awareness and the popularization of medical knowledge, melanoma has gradually become a hot topic of public concern. This article will introduce in detail the definition, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis methods and treatment methods of melanoma, and provide hot topic data in the past 10 days for readers' reference.
1. Definition of melanoma
Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer, caused by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Although melanoma accounts for a small proportion of skin cancers, it is highly malignant and metastasizes rapidly, so early detection and treatment are crucial.
2. Symptoms of melanoma
Typical symptoms of melanoma include:
| Symptoms | Description |
|---|---|
| asymmetry | The shape of the mole is asymmetrical, with one half not matching the other half |
| Irregular edges | Moles with blurred, jagged, or irregular edges |
| uneven color | Moles are unevenly colored and may appear black, brown, red, or blue |
| Diameter too large | Moles are usually larger than 6 mm in diameter (about the size of a pencil eraser) |
| rapid changes | A mole changes in size, shape, or color over a short period of time |
3. Risk factors for melanoma
The following people are at higher risk of developing melanoma:
| risk factors | Description |
|---|---|
| UV exposure | Prolonged exposure to UV rays (such as the sun or artificial tanning equipment) |
| skin type | People with fair skin and prone to sunburn |
| family history | A family history of melanoma |
| number of moles | Have a large number of moles on the body (especially atypical moles) |
| immune system suppression | People with weakened immune systems |
4. Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma
The diagnosis of melanoma is usually done with a skin biopsy. Treatment methods include surgical resection, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy. Patients detected early have a higher cure rate, while late-stage patients require comprehensive treatment.
5. Hot topic data in the past 10 days
The following are the hot topics and content about melanoma on the Internet in the past 10 days:
| Date | hot topics | heat index |
|---|---|---|
| 2023-11-01 | A self-examination guide for early symptoms of melanoma | 85 |
| 2023-11-03 | Can sunscreen prevent melanoma? | 78 |
| 2023-11-05 | New breakthrough in targeted treatment of melanoma | 92 |
| 2023-11-07 | Celebrities die from melanoma, sparking concern | 88 |
| 2023-11-09 | The difference between melanoma and common moles | 80 |
6. How to prevent melanoma
The key to preventing melanoma is reducing UV exposure and regular skin exams:
| Precautions | Specific methods |
|---|---|
| sun protection | Use sunscreen with SPF30 or above to avoid the midday sun |
| Wear protection | Wear a hat and long-sleeved clothing to block the sun |
| Regular inspection | Monthly self-examination of skin, annual professional skin examination |
| Avoid tanning equipment | Not using artificial tanning beds or lamps |
Conclusion
Melanoma is a serious skin disease, but with early detection and scientific treatment, the cure rate can be significantly improved. The public should raise awareness of melanoma, pay attention to skin health, and have regular check-ups to nip it in the bud. If you notice suspicious moles or spots on your skin, please seek medical advice promptly.
check the details
check the details
en
