What is cervical screening
In recent years, the prevention and early screening of cervical cancer has attracted more and more public attention. Cervical screening, as an important health examination method, can effectively reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. This article will introduce in detail the definition, methods, applicable populations and related hot topics of cervical screening to help everyone better understand this health examination item.
1. Definition of cervical screening
Cervical screening refers to a method of detecting cervical cells or tissues through medical examinations to detect precancerous cervical lesions or cervical cancer in the early stage. The main purpose of cervical screening is to prevent the disease from worsening through early intervention and treatment when there are no obvious symptoms of the disease.
2. Common methods for cervical screening
Currently, there are the following methods for cervical screening:
| Screening method | describe | Applicable groups |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical Cytology Test (TCT) | By brushing the cells on the surface of the cervix, performing microscopy to observe whether the cells are abnormal. | Women 21 years old and older have sex |
| HPV detection | Test whether to be infected with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), which is the main cause of cervical cancer. | Women aged 30 and above, or combined with TCT screening |
| Colposcopy | A biopsy of the suspicious area was performed by observing the cervical surface through a magnifying glass. | Women with abnormal TCT or HPV detection |
3. Applicable populations for cervical screening
According to authoritative domestic and foreign guidelines, the applicable populations of cervical screening mainly include:
1.Women aged 21-29: It is recommended to perform cervical cytology (TCT) every 3 years.
2.Women aged 30-65: It is recommended to perform joint TCT and HPV screening every 5 years, or perform TCT alone every 3 years.
3.Women over 65 years old: If the screening results in the past 10 years are normal, the screening can be stopped.
4.High-risk groups: Women with low immune function and a family history of cervical cancer may need more frequent screening.
4. Recent hot topics and hot content
In the past 10 days, hot topics about cervical screening have focused on the following aspects:
1.The relationship between HPV vaccine and cervical screening: Although HPV vaccine can effectively prevent HPV infection, regular cervical screening is still required after vaccination, because the vaccine cannot cover all high-risk HPV.
2.Penetration rate of cervical screening: The penetration rate of cervical screening in some areas is still low, and experts call for strengthening health publicity and increasing women's attention to screening.
3.Application of new technologies in cervical screening: New technologies such as artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and liquid biopsy are gradually being applied to cervical screening, which is expected to improve the accuracy and convenience of screening.
5. Precautions for cervical screening
1.Preparation before screening: Avoid screening during menstruation, avoid sex, vaginal irrigation or use vaginal medication within 24 hours before screening.
2.Follow-up after screening: If the screening results are abnormal, further examination or treatment is required according to the doctor's advice.
3.The importance of regular screening: Even if there are no discomfort symptoms, regular screening should be carried out according to the guidelines to identify potential problems early.
6. Summary
Cervical screening is an important means to prevent cervical cancer. Regular screening can detect precancerous lesions in the early stage and significantly reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Female friends should choose appropriate screening methods based on their age and health status and follow the doctor's advice. At the same time, paying attention to HPV vaccination and a healthy lifestyle is also an important measure to prevent cervical cancer.
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